smoking article with a valve

专利摘要:
ITEM FOR SMOKING WITH A VALVE. The present invention relates to a smoking article (1, 101, 201, 301), comprising: a combustible heat source (10) having opposite front (12) and rear (14) faces; one or more air flow channels (16) extending from the front face (12) to the rear face (14) of the fuel heat source (10); an aerosol forming substrate (30) downstream from the rear face (14) of the combustible heat source (10); and a thermostatic bimetal valve (20, 120, 220, 320) located between the rear face (14) of the combustible heat source (10) and the aerosol forming substrate (30). The thermostatic bimetal valve (20, 120, 220, 320) is arranged to deform from a first position, in which the valve (20, 120, 220, 320) substantially prevents or inhibits fluid communication between the one or more air flow channels (16) and the aerosol forming substrate (30) to a second position in which the one or more air flow channels (16) and the aerosol forming substrate (30) are in fluid communication , when the thermostatic bimetal valve (20, 120, 220, 320) is heated above a threshold temperature.
公开号:BR112016011533B1
申请号:R112016011533-3
申请日:2014-12-12
公开日:2021-05-18
发明作者:Oleg Mironov；Sebastien LANASPEZE
申请人:Philip Morris Products S.A.；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[001] The present invention relates to a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source with opposite front and rear faces, one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the fuel source. fuel heat, an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the rear face and a thermostatic bimetal valve between the rear face of the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate.
[002] Various smoking articles, in which tobacco is heated rather than combusted, have already been proposed in the art. One of the goals of such 'heated' smoking articles is to reduce the already known harmful smoke constituents of the type produced by the combustion and pyrolytic degradation of tobacco in conventional cigarettes. In a known type of heated smoking article, an aerosol is generated by transferring heat from a combustible heat source to a physically separate aerosol-forming substrate. The aerosol forming substrate may be located within, around or downstream of the combustible heat source. During smoking, volatile compounds are released from the aerosol forming substrate via heat transfer from the combustible heat source and entrained in the air drawn through the smoking article. As the released compounds cool, they condense to form an aerosol that is inhaled by the user. Typically, air is drawn into these known smoking articles through one or more air flow channels supplied through the fuel heat source, and heat transfer from the fuel heat source to the aerosol forming substrate occurs by convection and forced driving.
[003] For example, WO-A2-2009/022232 discloses a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source, an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the combustible heat source, and a heat conducting element around and in direct contact with a rear portion of the combustible heat source and with an adjacent front portion of the aerosol forming substrate. To provide a controlled amount of forced convection heating of the aerosol forming substrate, one or more longitudinal air flow channels are provided through the combustible heat source.
[004] In known smoking articles comprising one or more air flow channels through the combustible heat source, puffing by the user, while igniting the combustible heat source, may cause the user to be exposed to combustion by-products and unwanted pyrolytics, or can lead to decomposition and reaction products, for example, due to combustion of the aerosol-forming substrate, soot from the flame used to ignite the fuel heat source, or emissions from the source of combustible heat.
[005] There still remains a need for heated smoking articles comprising a combustible heat source having opposite front and rear faces, one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source , and an aerosol-forming substrate downstream of the rear face of the combustible heat source, wherein the user's exposure to undesirable compounds during ignition of the heat source is reduced. In particular, there still remains a need for heated smoking articles which comprise a combustible heat source having opposite front and rear faces, one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source. , and an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the rear face of the combustible heat source, wherein air is substantially prevented from being drawn through the one or more air flow channels until the combustible heat source is fully ignited.
[006] According to the invention, there is provided a smoking article comprising a combustible heat source with opposite front and rear faces, one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the source of fuel heat source, an aerosol forming substrate downstream of the rear face of the fuel heat source, and a thermostatic bimetal valve located between the rear face of the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate, on which the thermostatic bimetal valve is disposed to deform from a first position, in which the valve substantially prevents or inhibits fluid communication between the one or more air flow channels and the aerosol-forming substrate, to a second position, in which the one or more channels The air flow valve and the aerosol forming substrate are in fluid communication when the thermostatic bimetal valve is heated above a threshold temperature. That is, the thermostatic bimetal valve is heated with enough energy to reach the limit temperature.
[007] In certain embodiments, the valve substantially prevents fluid communication between the one or more air flow channels and the aerosol forming substrate when in the first position.
[008] As used in this document, the terms 'distal', 'upstream' and 'front', and 'proximal', 'downstream' and 'rear' are used to describe the relative positions of components, or parts of components , of the smoking article in relation to the sense in which a user brings the article to smoke during its use. Smoking articles according to the invention comprise a proximal end through which, in use, an aerosol exits the smoking article for delivery to a user. The proximal end may also be referred to as the mouth end. During use, a user brings on the proximal end of the smoking article in order to inhale an aerosol generated by the smoking article.
[009] The combustible heat source is located at or near the distal end. The mouth end is downstream from the distal end. The proximal end may also be referred to as the downstream end of the smoking article, and the distal end may also be referred to as the upstream end of the smoking article. Components, or component parts, of smoking articles according to the invention may be described as being upstream or downstream of each other based on their relative positions between the proximal end and the distal end of the smoking article.
[0010] The front face of the combustible heat source is at the upstream end of the combustible heat source. The upstream end of the combustible heat source is the end of the combustible heat source furthest from the proximal end of the smoking article. The rear face of the combustible heat source is at the downstream end of the combustible heat source. The downstream end of the combustible heat source is the end of the combustible heat source closest to the proximal end of the smoking article.
[0011] As used in this document, the term 'length' is used to describe the maximum longitudinal dimension of the smoking article. That is, the maximum dimension in the direction between the proximal end and the opposite distal end of the smoking article.
[0012] As used in this document, the term 'airflow channel' is used to describe a channel that extends along the length of a combustible heat source through which air can be drawn downstream for inhalation by a user.
[0013] As used herein, the term 'aerosol forming substrate' is used to describe a substrate capable of releasing, upon heating, volatile compounds that can form an aerosol. Aerosols generated from the aerosol forming substrates of smoking articles according to the invention may be visible or invisible and may include vapors (e.g. fine particles of substances, which are in a gaseous state, which are normally liquid or solid to temperature) as well as gases and liquid droplets of condensed vapors.
[0014] The aerosol forming substrate may be in the form of a plug or segment comprising a material capable of releasing, upon heating, volatile compounds, which may form an aerosol, circumscribed by an envelope. When an aerosol-forming substrate is in the form of such a plug or segment, the entire plug or segment, including any housing, is considered to be the aerosol-forming substrate.
[0015] As used in this document, the term 'thermostatic' is used to describe an object that automatically responds to changes in temperature.
[0016] As used in this document, the term 'bimetal' is used to describe an object that is formed by bonding two layers of metal and/or alloys with different coefficients of thermal expansion.
[0017] As used in this document, the term 'valve' is used to describe a device that controls the flow of air through the article. This includes but is not limited to a one-way valve.
[0018] As used in this document, the term 'deform' is used to describe the change of shape and/or dimensions of an object, both elastically and plastically.
[0019] Smoking articles according to the invention comprise a combustible heat source that includes one or more air flow channels.
[0020] The one or more air flow channels may comprise one or more closed air flow channels.
[0021] As used in this document, the term 'closed' is used to describe the air flow channels that extend through the interior of the combustible heat source and are surrounded by the combustible heat source.
[0022] Alternatively or additionally, the one or more airflow channels may comprise one or more unclosed airflow channels. For example, the one or more air flow paths may comprise one or more grooves or other unenclosed air flow channels extending along the exterior of the combustible heat source.
[0023] The one or more air flow channels may comprise one or more closed air flow channels or one or more unclosed air flow channels or a combination thereof.
[0024] In certain embodiments, smoking articles according to the invention comprise one, two or three air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0025] In preferred embodiments, smoking articles according to the invention comprise a single air flow channel extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0026] In particularly preferred embodiments, smoking articles according to the invention comprise a single substantially central or axial air flow channel extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
In such embodiments, the diameter of the single airflow channel is preferably between about 1.5 mm and about 3 mm.
[0028] It will be appreciated that, in addition to one or more air flow channels through which air can be drawn in for inhalation by a user, the combustible heat sources of smoking articles according to the invention may also comprise one or more closed or blocked passages through which air cannot be drawn in for inhalation by a user.
[0029] For example, smoking articles according to the invention may comprise combustible heat sources comprising one or more air flow channels extending from the front face to the rear face of the combustible heat source and one or more closed passages extending from the front face of the combustible heat source along only part of the length of the combustible heat source.
[0030] The inclusion of one or more closed air passages increases the surface area of the combustible heat source that is exposed to oxygen in the air and can advantageously facilitate ignition and sustained combustion of the combustible heat source.
[0031] During use, air drawn through the aerosol forming substrate of the smoking article enters the smoking article through the one or more air flow channels. The inhaled air passes downstream through the smoking article and exits the smoking article through the proximal end thereof.
[0032] In certain embodiments, air drawn through the aerosol-forming substrate of the smoking article, which enters the smoking article through the one or more air flow channels, may come into direct contact with a combustible portion of the source of combustible heat as it passes through one or more airflow channels.
[0033] Alternatively or additionally, air drawn through the aerosol forming substrate of the smoking article, which enters the smoking article through the one or more flow channels, may come into direct contact with the rear face of the heat source fuel.
Smoking articles according to the invention may further comprise a first substantially impermeable non-combustible air barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate.
[0035] As used in this document, the term 'non-combustible' is used to describe a barrier that is substantially non-combustible at the temperatures reached by the combustible heat source during combustion and ignition of the same.
[0036] The first barrier can abut the rear face of the combustible heat source. Alternatively, the first barrier can be spaced from the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0037] As used in this document, the term 'touch' is used to indicate direct contact between adjacent components.
[0038] The first barrier may be adhered or otherwise affixed to the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0039] In certain preferred embodiments, the first barrier comprises a first non-combustible barrier coating substantially impermeable to air supplied over the rear face of the combustible heat source. In such embodiments, preferably, the first barrier comprises a first barrier coating provided over at least substantially the entire rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0040] As used in this document, the term 'coating' is used to describe a layer of material that covers and is adhered to the combustible heat source.
[0041] The first barrier can advantageously limit the temperature to which the aerosol-forming substrate is exposed during ignition and combustion of the combustible heat source, thus helping to prevent or reduce thermal degradation or combustion of the aerosol forming substrate during use of the smoking article. This is particularly advantageous where the combustible heat source comprises one or more additives to aid ignition of the combustible heat source.
[0042] The inclusion of a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate may also advantageously substantially prevent or inhibit the migration of aerosol-forming substrate components from the articles for smoking according to the invention for the source of combustible heat during storage of the smoking articles.
[0043] Alternatively or additionally, the inclusion of a first substantially airtight non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate may, and advantageously, substantially prevent or inhibit the migration of components from the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles in accordance with the invention for the source of combustible heat during use of the smoking articles.
[0044] The inclusion of a first substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate may be particularly advantageous when the aerosol forming substrate comprises at least one aerosol former.
[0045] In these embodiments, the inclusion of a first substantially airtight non-combustible barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate can, and advantageously, substantially prevent or inhibit the migration of the at least one aerosol former from the aerosol former substrate to the combustible heat source during storage and use of the smoking article. Decomposition of the at least one aerosol former during use of the smoking articles can thus advantageously be substantially avoided or reduced.
[0046] Depending on the characteristics and performance desired for the smoking article, the first barrier may have a low thermal conductivity or a high thermal conductivity. In certain embodiments, the first barrier may be formed of a material having an apparent thermal conductivity between about 0.1 W per meter Kelvin (mWZ(mK)) and about 200 W per meter Kelvin (mWZ(mK)), a 23°C and 50% relative humidity as measured using the modified transient plane source (MTPS) method.
[0047] The thickness of the first barrier can be adjusted appropriately to achieve good smoke performance. In certain embodiments, the first barrier can be between about 10 micrometers and about 500 micrometers thick.
[0048] The first barrier may be formed of one or more suitable materials that are substantially thermally stable and non-combustible at the temperatures reached by the combustible heat source during ignition and combustion. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to clays (such as, for example, bentonite and kaolinite), glasses, minerals, ceramic materials, resins, metals and combinations thereof.
[0049] Preferred materials from which the first barrier can be formed include clays and glasses. The most preferred materials from which the first barrier can be formed include copper, aluminum, stainless steel, alloys, alumina (Al2O3), resins and mineral glues.
[0050] In certain preferred embodiments, the first barrier comprises a clay coating comprising a 50/50 mixture of bentonite and kaolinite provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source. In other preferred embodiments, the first barrier comprises a glass coating, more preferably a sintered glass coating, provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0051] In certain particularly preferred embodiments, the first barrier comprises an aluminum coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0052] Preferably, the first barrier has a thickness of at least about 10 micrometers.
[0053] Due to the slight permeability of clays to air, in modalities where the first barrier comprises a clay coating provided on the rear face of the fuel heat source, the clay coating more preferably has a thickness of at least about 50 micrometers, and more preferably between about 50 micrometers and about 350 micrometers.
[0054] In embodiments where the first barrier is formed of one or more materials that are more impermeable to air, such as aluminum, the first barrier may be thinner and will generally preferably have a thickness of less than about 100 micrometers, and more preferably about 20 micrometers.
[0055] In embodiments in which the first barrier comprises a glass coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source, the glass coating preferably has a thickness of less than about 200 micrometers.
[0056] The thickness of the first barrier can be measured using a microscope, a scanning electron microscope (SEM) or any other suitable measurement methods known in the art.
[0057] When the first barrier comprises a first barrier coating provided on the rear face of the combustible heat source, the first barrier coating may be applied to cover and adhere to the rear face of the combustible heat source by any methods known in the technique, including, but not limited to, spray coating, vapor deposition, immersion, material transfer (eg brushing or gluing), electrostatic deposition, or any combination thereof.
[0058] For example, the first barrier coating can be made by preforming a barrier in the approximate size and shape of the rear face of the fuel heat source, and applying it to the rear face of the fuel heat source to cover and adhere to at least substantially the entire rear face of the combustible heat source. Alternatively, the first barrier coating can be cut or otherwise worked after being applied to the rear face of the combustible heat source. In a preferred embodiment, an aluminum foil is applied to the rear face of the fuel heat source by gluing or pressing it into the fuel heat source, and is cut or otherwise worked so that the aluminum foil cover and adhere at least substantially the entire rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0059] In another preferred embodiment, the first barrier coating is formed by applying a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials to the rear face of the combustible heat source. For example, the first barrier coating can be applied to the rear face of the combustible heat source by immersing the rear face of the combustible heat source in a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials or by brushing or spray coating. of a solution or suspension or electrostatic deposition of a powder or powder mixture of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the combustible heat source. When the first barrier coating is applied to the rear face of the combustible heat source by electrostatic deposition of a powder or powder mixture of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the combustible heat source, the rear face of the heat source fuel is preferably pretreated with sodium silicate (liquid glass - "water glass") before electrostatic deposition. Preferably, the first barrier coating is applied by spray coating.
[0060] The first barrier coating can be formed by a single application of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the combustible heat source. Alternatively, the first barrier coating can be formed by multiple applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the combustible heat source. For example, the first barrier coating can be formed by one, two, three, four, five, six, seven or eight successive applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the combustible heat source. .
[0061] Preferably, the first barrier coating is formed by between one and ten applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0062] After application of the solution or suspension of one or more coating materials on the rear face thereof, the combustible heat source can be dried to form the first barrier coating.
[0063] When the first barrier coating is formed by multiple applications of a solution or suspension of one or more suitable coating materials on the rear face of the same, the combustible heat source may need to be dried between successive applications of the solution or suspension.
[0064] Alternatively or in addition to drying, after applying a solution or suspension of one or more coating materials to the rear face of the fuel heat source, the coating material in the fuel heat source may be sintered in order to form the first barrier coating. Sintering the first barrier coating is particularly preferred when the first barrier coating is a glass or ceramic coating. Preferably, the first barrier coating is sintered at a temperature between about 500°C and about 900°C, and more preferably at about 700°C.
[0065] As an alternative or in addition to a first substantially impermeable non-combustible air barrier between the rear face of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate, smoking articles according to the invention comprising a combustible heat source may comprise a second substantially impermeable barrier to non-combustible air between the combustible heat source and the one or more flow channels.
[0066] The second barrier can advantageously and substantially prevent or inhibit combustion and decomposition products, formed during ignition and combustion of the combustible heat source, from entering the entrained air in smoking articles in accordance with the invention, through the one or more airflow channels as the entrained air passes through the one or more airflow channels. This is particularly advantageous when the combustible heat source comprises one or more additives to aid ignition or combustion of the combustible heat source.
[0067] The inclusion of a second barrier substantially impermeable to non-combustible air between the combustible heat source and the one or more air flow channels may also advantageously and substantially substantially prevent or inhibit the activation of combustion of the heat source fuel during puff by a user. This can substantially prevent or inhibit spikes in the temperature of the aerosol forming substrate during puffing by a user.
[0068] By preventing or inhibiting the activation of combustion of the combustible heat source and, consequently, preventing or inhibiting excessive temperature increases in the aerosol-forming substrate, the combustion or pyrolysis of the aerosol-forming substrate can be advantageously avoided. aerosol under intense puff regimes. Furthermore, the impact of a user's puff regimen on the main aerosol composition can be advantageously minimized or reduced.
[0069] The second barrier can be adhered or otherwise affixed to the combustible heat source.
[0070] In certain preferred embodiments, the second barrier comprises a second substantially air-impermeable non-combustible barrier coating provided on an inner surface of the one or more air flow channels. In such embodiments, preferably, the second barrier comprises a second barrier coating provided over at least substantially the entire inner surface of the one or more airflow channels. More preferably, the second barrier comprises a second barrier coating provided over at least substantially the entire inner surface of the one or more airflow channels.
[0071] In other embodiments, the second barrier coating may be provided by inserting a liner within the one or more airflow channels. For example, where the one or more air flow channels comprise one or more closed air flow channels extending within the combustible heat source, a hollow non-combustible substantially air-impermeable tube may be inserted into each of the one or more airflow channels.
[0072] Depending on the performance and desired characteristics of the smoking article, the second barrier may have low thermal conductivity or high thermal conductivity. Preferably, the second barrier has a low thermal conductivity.
[0073] The thickness of the second barrier can be appropriately adjusted to obtain good smoke performance. In certain embodiments, the second barrier can have a thickness of between about 30 micrometers and about 200 micrometers. In a preferred embodiment, the second barrier is between about 30 micrometers and about 100 micrometers thick.
[0074] The second barrier can be formed of one or more suitable materials that are substantially thermally stable and non-combustible at the temperatures reached by the combustible heat source during ignition and combustion. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, for example: clays; metal oxides such as iron oxide, alumina, titania, silica, silica-alumina, zirconia and ceria; zeolites; zirconium phosphate; and other ceramic materials or combinations thereof.
[0075] Preferred materials from which the second barrier can be formed include clays, glasses, aluminum, iron oxide and combinations thereof. If desired, catalytic ingredients, such as ingredients that promote the oxidation of carbon monoxide to carbon dioxide, can be incorporated into the second barrier. Suitable catalytic ingredients include, but are not limited to, for example, platinum, palladium, transition metals and their oxides.
[0076] When the second barrier comprises a second barrier coating provided on an inner surface of the one or more air flow channels, the second barrier coating may be applied to the inner surface of the one or more air flow channels of a or more airflow channels by any suitable method, such as the methods described in US-A-5,040,551. For example, the inner surface of the one or more airflow channels can be sprayed, moistened, or painted with a solution or suspension of the second barrier coating. In certain preferred embodiments, the second barrier coating is applied to the inner surface of the one or more air flow channels by the process described in WO-A2-2009/074870 as the combustible heat source is extruded.
[0077] Preferably, the combustible heat source is a carbonaceous heat source. As used in this document, the term 'carbonaceous' is used to describe a combustible heat source that comprises carbon. Preferably, the carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention have a carbon content of at least about 35 percent, more preferably at least about 40 percent, most preferably still of at least 45 percent by dry weight of the combustible heat source.
[0078] In some embodiments, the combustible heat sources according to the invention are carbon-based combustible heat sources. As used in this document, the term 'carbon-based heat source' is used to describe a heat source composed primarily of carbon.
[0079] Carbon-based combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention have a carbon content of at least about 50 percent. For example, carbon-based combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention may have a carbon content of at least about 60 percent, or at least about 70 percent, or at least about 80 percent by dry weight of the carbon-based fuel heat source.
Smoking articles according to the invention may comprise carbonaceous combustible heat sources formed of one or more suitable carbon-containing materials.
[0081] If desired, one or more binders can be combined with the one or more carbon-containing materials. Preferably, the one or more binders are organic binders. Suitable known organic binders include, but are not limited to, gums (for example, guar gum), modified celluloses and cellulose derivatives (for example, methyl cellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropylcellulose and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose), wheat flour, starches, sugars , vegetable oils and combinations thereof.
[0082] In a preferred embodiment, the fuel heat source is formed by a mixture of carbon powder, modified cellulose, wheat flour and sugar.
[0083] Instead of or in addition to one or more binders, combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention may comprise one or more additives in order to improve the properties of the combustible heat source. Suitable additives include, but are not limited to, additives to promote consolidation of the combustible heat source (e.g., sintering aids), additives to promote ignition of the combustible heat source (e.g., oxidizers such as perchlorates, chlorates, nitrates, peroxides, permanganates, zirconium and combinations thereof), additives to promote combustion of the combustible heat source (eg potassium and potassium salts such as potassium citrate) and additives to promote the decomposition of a or more gases produced by combustion of the combustible heat source (eg catalysts such as CuO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3).
[0084] When smoking articles according to the invention comprise a first barrier coating provided on the rear face of the fuel heat source, such additives may be incorporated into the fuel heat source before or after application of the first barrier coating on the rear face of the combustible heat source.
[0085] In certain preferred embodiments, the combustible heat source is a carbonaceous combustible heat source comprising carbon and at least one ignition aid. In certain preferred embodiments, the combustible heat source is a carbonaceous combustible heat source comprising carbon and at least one ignition aid, as described in WO-A1-2012/164077.
[0086] As used in this document, the term 'ignition aid' is used to denote a material that releases energy and/or oxygen during ignition of the combustible heat source, where the rate of release of energy and/or oxygen by the material it is not limited by the diffusion of ambient oxygen. In other words, the rate at which energy and/or oxygen is released by the material during ignition of the combustible heat source is largely independent of the rate at which ambient oxygen can reach the material. As used in this document, the term 'ignition aid' is also used to denote an elemental metal that releases energy during ignition of the combustible heat source, where the ignition temperature of the elemental metal is less than about 500 °C, and the elemental metal's heat of combustion is at least about 5 kJ/g.
[0087] As used herein, the term 'ignition aid' does not include alkali metal salts of carboxylic acids (such as alkali metal citrate salts, alkali metal acetate salts and alkali metal succinate salts), salts of alkali metal halide (such as alkali metal chloride salts), alkali metal carbonate salts or alkali metal phosphate salts, which are believed to modify the combustion of carbon. Even when present in a large amount relative to the total weight of the fuel heat source, such alkali metal burning salts do not release enough energy during ignition of a fuel heat source to produce an acceptable aerosol during the initial puffs.
[0088] Examples of suitable oxidizing agents include, but are not limited to: nitrates, such as, for example, potassium nitrate, calcium nitrate, strontium nitrate, sodium nitrate, barium nitrate, lithium nitrate, sodium nitrate aluminum and iron nitrate; nitrites; other organic and inorganic nitro compounds; chlorates such as, for example, sodium chlorate and potassium chlorate; perchlorates such as, for example, sodium perchlorate; chlorites; bromates, such as, for example, sodium bromate and potassium bromate; perbromates; bromites; borates, such as, for example, sodium borate and potassium borate; ferrates, such as, for example, barium ferrate; ferrites; manganates, such as, for example, potassium manganate; permanganates, such as, for example, potassium permanganate; organic peroxides such as, for example, benzoyl peroxide and acetone peroxide; inorganic peroxides, such as, for example, hydrogen peroxide, strontium peroxide, magnesium peroxide, calcium peroxide, barium peroxide, zinc peroxide and lithium peroxide; superoxides, such as, for example, potassium superoxide and sodium superoxide; iodates; periodates; iodides; sulfates; sulfites; other sulfoxides; phosphates; phosphinates; phosphites; and phosphonates.
[0089] Although it advantageously improves the ignition and combustion properties of the fuel heat source, the inclusion of ignition and combustion additives can lead to decomposition and reaction products during use of the smoking article. For example, the decomposition of nitrates included in the combustible heat source to help ignite it can result in the formation of nitrogen oxides.
[0090] The inclusion of a second substantially airtight non-combustible barrier between the one or more air flow channels and the combustible heat source of the smoking articles according to the invention may advantageously substantially prevent or inhibit such reaction and decomposition products enter the air drawn into smoking articles according to the invention through the one or more air flow channels as the drawn air passes through the one or more air flow channels.
[0091] Carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention can be prepared as described in the prior art known to those skilled in the art.
[0092] Carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in smoking articles according to the invention are preferably formed by mixing one or more carbon-containing materials with one or more binders and other additives, where included, and by pre- forming the mixture into a desired shape. The mixture of one or more carbon-containing materials, one or more binders and other optional additives, can be preformed into a desired shape using any known ceramic forming methods, such as, for example, suspension casting, extrusion, molding by injection and compaction or press in mold. In certain preferred embodiments, the blend is preformed into a desired shape by pressing or extrusion or a combination thereof.
[0093] Preferably, the mixture of one or more carbon-containing materials, one or more binders and other additives, is pre-formed in an elongated column. However, it should be understood that the mixture of one or more carbon-containing materials, one or more binders and other additives, can be preformed into other desired shapes.
[0094] After formation, particularly after extrusion, the elongated column or other desired shape is preferably dried to reduce its moisture content and then pyrolyzed in a non-oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature sufficient to carbonize the one or more binders, when present , and substantially eliminate any volatile compounds in the elongated column or otherwise. The elongated column, or other desired shape, is preferably pyrolyzed in an atmosphere of nitrogen at a temperature of between about 700°C and about 900°C.
[0095] In certain embodiments, at least one metal nitrate salt is incorporated into the fuel heat source by including at least one metal nitrate precursor in the mixture of one or more carbon-containing materials, one or more binders, and others additions. The at least one metal nitrate precursor is then subsequently converted in-situ to the at least one metal nitrate salt by treating the pyrolyzed preformed cylindrical column or otherwise with an aqueous solution of nitric acid. In one embodiment, the combustible heat source comprises at least one metal nitrate salt having a thermal decomposition temperature of less than about 600°C, more preferably less than about 400°C. Preferably, at least one metal nitrate salt has a decomposition temperature between about 150°C and about 600°C, more preferably between about 200°C and about 400°C.
[0096] In preferred embodiments, exposure of the combustible heat source to a conventional yellow flame lighter or other means of ignition should cause at least one metal nitrate salt to decompose and release oxygen and energy. Such decomposition causes an initial rise in the temperature of the combustible heat source and also assists in igniting the combustible heat source. After decomposition of the at least one metal nitrate salt, the combustible heat source preferably continues combustion at a lower temperature.
[0097] The inclusion of at least one metal nitrate salt advantageously results in ignition of the combustible heat source being initiated internally, and not just at a point on the surface thereof. Preferably, at least one metal nitrate salt is present in the fuel heat source in an amount of between about 20 percent dry weight and about 50 percent dry weight of the fuel heat source.
[0098] In other embodiments, the combustible heat source comprises at least one peroxide or superoxide that actively emits oxygen at a temperature of less than about 600°C, more preferably at a temperature of less than about 400°C.
[0099] Preferably, the at least one peroxide or superoxide actively emits oxygen at a temperature of between about 150°C and about 600°C, more preferably at a temperature of between about 200°C and about 400°C , more preferably at a temperature of about 350°C.
[00100] During use, exposure of the combustible heat source to a conventional yellow flame lighter or other means of ignition must cause the at least one peroxide or superoxide to decompose and release oxygen. This causes an initial rise in the temperature of the combustible heat source and also assists in igniting a combustible heat source. After decomposition of at least one peroxide or superoxide, the combustible heat source preferably continues combustion at a lower temperature.
[00101] The inclusion of at least one peroxide or superoxide advantageously results in the ignition of the combustible heat source being initiated internally, and not just at a point on its surface.
The combustible heat source preferably has a porosity of between about 20 percent and about 80 percent, more preferably between about 20 percent and 60 percent. When the combustible heat source comprises at least one metal nitrate salt, this advantageously will allow oxygen to diffuse into the mass of the combustible heat source at a rate sufficient to maintain combustion while the at least one metal nitrate salt. it decomposes and combustion proceeds. Even more preferably, the combustible heat source has a porosity of between about 50 percent and about 70 percent, more preferably between about 50 percent and about 60 percent as measured by, for example, porosimetry. of mercury or helium pycnometry. The required porosity can be easily achieved during the production of the fuel heat source using conventional methods and technology.
Advantageously, the carbonaceous combustible heat sources for use in the smoking articles according to the invention have a bulk density of between about 0.6 g/cm3 and about 1 g/cm3.
[00104] Preferably, the combustible heat source has a mass between about 300mg and about 500mg, more preferably between about 400mg and about 450mg.
[00105] Preferably, the combustible heat source has a length of between about 7 mm and about 17 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 15 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 13 mm .
[00106] Preferably, the combustible heat source has a diameter of between about 5 mm and about 9 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 8 mm.
[00107] Preferably, the combustible heat source has a substantially uniform diameter. However, the combustible heat source can alternatively be tapered so that the diameter of a rear part of the combustible heat source is greater than the diameter of the front of the same. Particularly preferred are substantially cylindrical combustible heat sources. The combustible heat source may, for example, be a tapered cylinder or cylinder of substantially circular cross section or a tapered cylinder or cylinder of substantially elliptical cross section.
[00108] Smoking articles according to the invention comprise a thermostatic bimetal valve located between the rear face of the fuel heat source and the aerosol forming substrate. The thermostatic bimetal valve is arranged to deform from a first position, in which the valve substantially prevents or inhibits fluid communication between the one or more air flow channels and the aerosol-forming substrate, to a second position, in the which one or more airflow channels and the aerosol forming substrate are in fluid communication when the thermostatic bimetal valve is heated above a threshold temperature.
[00109] By substantially preventing or inhibiting fluid communication between the aerosol-forming substrate and the one or more air flow channels, when in the first position, the thermostatic multimetal valve advantageously substantially prevents or inhibits gas flow and/ or from unwanted materials to the aerosol-forming substrate and the user while the heat source is turned on. This prevents the user from exposing themselves to potential disadvantages associated with puffing during ignition of the heat source.
[00110] Once the valve temperature reaches the limit temperature, the valve automatically deforms to the second position in which it allows fluid communication between the aerosol forming substrate and the one or more air flow channels. The limit temperature is preselected based on the temperature profile of the heat source. Preferably, the limit temperature is selected such that the valve does not open before the heat source is fully lit. Most preferably, the valve does not open until the aerosol-forming substrate has been heated by the heat source to a temperature that is sufficient to generate a sensory acceptable aerosol. Preferably, the valve remains closed for between 2 and 30 seconds from the start of ignition of the heat source by the user. Preferably, the valve opens within 20 seconds, more preferably within 10 seconds, and most preferably within 3 seconds from the start of ignition of the heat source by the user.
[00111] As used in this document, the term 'fully lit' is used to mean that the heat source is capable of sustaining a self-sustaining combustion.
[00112] The valve can also return to the first position when the smoking article cools. In a preferred embodiment, the valve closes when the temperature at the downstream end of the heat source drops below 300 °C. In an alternative preferred embodiment, the valve closes when the temperature at the downstream end of the heat source drops below 250 °C. In another preferred alternative embodiment, the valve closes when the temperature at the downstream end of the heat source drops below 200°C.
[00113] The thermostatic bimetal valve can be pre-tensioned, such that it deforms from the first position to the second position with a pressure action. In these embodiments, the valve opens instantaneously to allow the user to puff air through the smoking article, without experiencing any periods of increased drag for puffing that might occur if the valve were to gradually open. Alternatively, the thermostatic bimetal valve is not pre-tensioned. In these embodiments, the valve gradually deforms substantially linearly from the first position as the temperature of the valve increases.
[00114] In certain embodiments, the thermostatic bimetal valve is pre-stressed by preforming with a curvature of 100 to 500 micrometers, for example, by stamping. Preferably, the curvature is about 300 micrometers.
[00115] As used in this document, the term 'curvature' is defined as the axial distance from the center of the valve to the plane of the outer edge of the valve. In other words, the term describes the amount by which the center of the valve is shifted in the axial direction.
[00116] In these modes, preferably the rear face of the fuel heat source is formed with a corresponding curvature and the thermostatic bimetal valve rests on the rear face of the heat source. Advantageously, this reduces the risk of air leakage from the one or more air flow channels past the thermostatic bimetal valve.
[00117] In certain embodiments, the diameter of the thermostatic bimetal valve has an internal diameter approximately equal to that of the smoking article. Preferably, the diameter of the thermostatic bimetal valve is approximately equal in diameter to that of the heat source and the aerosol forming substrate.
[00118] In certain preferred embodiments, the thermostatic bimetal valve may comprise a first thermostatic bimetal sheet with one or more solid portions and one or more openings to allow fluid communication between the aerosol forming substrate and at least one of the one or more channels of air flow.
[00119] In these embodiments, the one or more solid portions of the first thermostatic bimetal sheet may be arranged to block all of the one or more air flow channels when the thermostatic bimetal valve is in the first position and to unlock at least one of the one or more airflow channels when thermostatic bimetal valve is in second position.
[00120] When the combustible heat source has a single central air flow channel, the first thermostatic bimetal sheet may have one or more openings that are off-center and have a solid central portion. For example, the first thermostatic bimetal sheet may have one or more peripheral openings and a solid central portion. Preferably, the solid center portion is at least 25% larger than the diameter of the airflow channel. Preferably, the one or more peripheral openings comprise from four to six holes of 0.4 to 0.8 mm in diameter. Alternatively or additionally, the first thermostatic bimetal sheet may have one or more cut segments and/or one or more slits which are closed when the thermostatic bimetal valve is in the first position and which are open when the thermostatic bimetal valve is in the second position.
[00121] As used in this document, the term "off center" is used to mean that the openings are situated outside the solid center portion.
[00122] In certain preferred embodiments, the first thermostatic bimetal sheet is a substantially circular thermostatic bimetallic disk having a diameter of between about 5 mm and about 15 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 9 mm, and more preferably about 7.8 mm.
[00123] Preferably, the first thermostatic bimetal sheet has a thickness of between about 100 micrometers and 500 micrometers, more preferably about 300 micrometers.
[00124] The thermostatic bimetal valve may comprise a second thermostatic bimetal sheet adjacent to the first thermostatic bimetal sheet, the second thermostatic bimetal sheet having one or more solid parts and one or more openings to allow fluid communication between the aerosol forming substrate and fur minus one of the one or more airflow channels.
[00125] In these embodiments, the one or more solid parts of one of the first and second thermostatic bimetal sheets are arranged to block one or more openings of the other between the first and second thermostatic bimetal sheets when the valve is in the first position and to unlocking at least one of the one or more openings of the other among the first and second thermostatic bimetal sheets when the valve is in the second position. Advantageously, this arrangement can provide better control of the air flow through the smoking article. Additionally, the valve may block the passage of air through the smoking article even if the valve is not in contact with the downstream end of the air flow channel through the combustible heat source.
[00126] In certain preferred embodiments, the second thermostatic bimetal sheet is a substantially circular thermostatic bimetallic disk having a diameter of between about 5 mm and about 15 mm, more preferably between about 7 mm and about 9 mm, and more preferably about 7.8 mm.
[00127] Preferably, the second thermostatic bimetal sheet has a thickness of between about 100 micrometers and 500 micrometers, more preferably about 300 micrometers.
[00128] The first thermostatic bimetal sheet and the second thermostatic bimetal sheet can be fixed together along at least a part of their peripheries, for example using spot welding or ultrasonic welding.
[00129] When the thermostatic bimetal valve comprises a second thermostatic bimetal sheet adjacent to the first thermostatic bimetal sheet, the second thermostatic bimetal sheet may be upstream or downstream of the first thermostatic bimetal sheet. Preferably, the upstream bimetal sheet has a central hole in line with a central air flow channel of the heat source and the downstream thermostatic bimetal sheet has at least four off-center openings. For example, the downstream thermostatic bimetal sheet has at least four peripheral openings. Advantageously, this allows hot air to be drawn through the central hole of the upstream thermostatic bimetal sheet with minimal increase in drag resistance and to be distributed around the aerosol forming substrate through the off-center openings of the downstream thermostatic bimetal sheet , thereby exposing a greater area of the aerosol-forming substrate to the passing hot air.
[00130] Alternatively, one or both of the first and second thermostatic bimetal sheets may have one or more slits that pass through, or close to, their centers that are closed when the valve is in the first position and open when the valve is in the second position.
[00131] In certain preferred embodiments, the thermostatic bimetal valve may touch the rear face of the combustible heat source or, when provided, a first non-combustible barrier. Additionally or alternatively, the thermostatic bimetal valve may abut the aerosol forming substrate.
[00132] In embodiments where the thermostatic bimetal valve abuts the rear face of the fuel heat source or a first non-combustible barrier provided on the rear face of the fuel heat source, the thermostatic bimetal valve can be glued to the rear face of the fuel heat source or in coating the first barrier substantially impermeable to non-combustible air supplied to the rear face of the combustible heat source, for example using carboxymethyl cellulose. Advantageously, this makes assembly of the smoking article easier. When the aerosol-forming substrate includes at least one aerosol-former, this can also reduce the migration of glycerin from the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00133] The first thermostatic bimetal sheet and the second thermostatic bimetal sheet are formed by two layers of metal or metal alloy with different coefficients of thermal expansion. The two layers can be joined by any suitable conventional process, for example by protective coating. The metals that can be joined by the protective coating are shown in Table 1, where 'o' indicates that the metals can be coated together.




Smoking articles according to the invention preferably comprise an aerosol forming substrate comprising at least one aerosol former and a material capable of releasing volatile compounds in response to heating. The aerosol forming substrate may comprise other additives and ingredients, including but not limited to humectants, flavors, binders and mixtures thereof.
[00135] Preferably, the aerosol forming substrate comprises nicotine. More preferably, the aerosol forming substrate comprises tobacco.
[00136] The at least one aerosol former may be any suitable compound or mixture of compounds which, during use, facilitates the formation of a dense and stable aerosol and which is substantially resistant to thermal degradation at the temperature at which the aerosol former generates the aerosol by transferring heat from the fuel heat source to the aerosol forming substrate. Suitable aerosol formers are well known in the art and include, for example, polyhydric alcohols, esters of polyhydric alcohols such as glycerol mono-, di- or triacetate, and aliphatic esters of mono-, di- or polycarboxylics such as dimethyl dodecanedioate and dimethyl tetradecanedioate. Preferred aerosol formers for use in smoking articles in accordance with the invention are polyhydric alcohols or mixtures thereof, such as triethylene glycol, 1,3-butanediol and, most preferably, glycerin.
[00137] The material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating can be a load of plant-based material. The material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating may be a homogenized vegetable-based material charge. For example, the aerosol forming substrate can comprise one or more plant-derived materials, including, but not limited to: tobacco; tea, for example green tea; Mint; blond; eucalyptus; basil; saves; verbena; and tarragon.
[00138] Preferably, the material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating is a load of tobacco-based material, more preferably a load of homogenized tobacco-based material.
[00139] The aerosol forming substrate may be in the form of a plug or segment comprising a material capable of emitting volatile compounds in response to heating circumscribed by a paper or other envelope. As stated above, when an aerosol-forming substrate is in the form of such a plug or segment, the entire plug or segment, including any housing, will be considered to be the aerosol-forming substrate.
Preferably, the aerosol-forming substrate has a length between about 5 mm and about 20 mm, more preferably between about 8 mm and about 12 mm.
[00141] In preferred embodiments, the aerosol forming substrate comprises a plug of tobacco-based material wrapped in a plug wrap. In specific preferred embodiments, the aerosol forming substrate comprises a plug of homogenized tobacco material wrapped in a plug wrap.
[00142] Preferably, smoking articles according to the invention further comprise one or more heat conducting elements around a rear portion of the combustible heat source and at least a front portion of the aerosol forming substrate. The heat-conducting element is preferably resistant to combustion. In certain embodiments, the heat-conducting element is oxygen-limiting. In other words, the heat-carrying element inhibits or resists the passage of oxygen through the heat-carrying element to the combustible heat source.
[00143] In certain embodiments, the heat conducting element may come into direct contact with the back of the fuel heat source and with the aerosol forming substrate. In such embodiments, the heat conducting element provides a thermal connection between the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate of smoking articles in accordance with the invention.
[00144] In other embodiments, the heat-conducting element may be spaced one or both between the rear of the fuel heat source and the aerosol-forming substrate, such that there is no direct contact between the heat-conducting element and a or both between the rear of the combustible heat source and the aerosol forming substrate.
[00145] Suitable heat conducting elements for use in smoking articles according to the invention include, but are not limited to: foil wrappers such as, for example, aluminum foil wrappers, steel wrappers, iron sheet casings and copper sheet casings; and metal alloy sheet casings.
Preferably, the rear portion of the combustible heat source surrounded by the heat conducting element is between about 2 mm and about 8 mm in length, more preferably between about 3 mm and about 5 mm in length.
Preferably, the front portion of the combustible heat source not surrounded by the heat conducting element is between about 4 mm and about 15 mm in length, more preferably between about 5 mm and about 8 mm in length.
[00148] In certain embodiments, the entire length of the aerosol-forming substrate may be surrounded by a heat-conducting element.
[00149] In other embodiments, the heat-conducting element may surround only a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate. In these embodiments, the aerosol-forming substrate extends downstream beyond the heat-conducting element.
In embodiments where the heat-conducting element surrounds only a front portion of the aerosol-forming substrate, the aerosol-forming substrate preferably extends at least about 3 mm downstream beyond the heat-conducting element. More preferably, the aerosol forming substrate extends between about 3 mm and about 10 mm downstream beyond the heat conducting element. However, the aerosol forming substrate may extend less than 3 mm downstream beyond the heat conducting element.
Preferably, the front portion of the aerosol forming substrate surrounded by the heat conducting element is between about 1 mm and about 10 mm in length, more preferably between about 2 mm and about 8 mm, most preferably between about 2 mm and about 8 mm. about 2mm and about 6mm long.
Smoking articles according to the invention preferably comprise a nozzle downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate.
[00153] Preferably, the nozzle is of low filtration efficiency, more preferably of very low filtration efficiency. The nozzle can be a single component or segment nozzle. Alternatively, the nozzle can be a multi-segment or multi-component nozzle.
[00154] The nozzle may comprise a filter comprising one or more segments comprising suitable known filtration materials. Suitable filtration materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, cellulose acetate and paper. Alternatively or additionally, the mouthpiece may comprise one or more segments comprising absorbents, adsorbents, flavorings, and other aerosol modifiers and additives or combinations thereof.
[00155] Smoking articles according to the element preferably further comprise a transfer element or a spacer element between the aerosol forming substrate and the mouthpiece.
[00156] The transfer element may abut the aerosol forming substrate and/or the nozzle. Alternatively, the transfer element may be spaced from the aerosol-forming substrate and/or the nozzle.
[00157] The inclusion of a transfer element advantageously allows the cooling of the aerosol generated by the transfer of heat from the fuel heat source to the aerosol forming substrate. The inclusion of a transfer element also advantageously allows the overall length of smoking articles according to the invention to be adjusted to a desired value, for example to a length similar to that of conventional cigarettes, by an appropriate choice of length of the transfer element.
The transfer element may have a length of between about 7mm and about 50mm, for example a length of between about 10mm and about 45mm or between about 15mm and about 30mm . The transfer element may have other lengths, depending on the overall desired length of the smoking article, and the presence and length of the other components within the smoking article.
[00159] Preferably, the transfer element comprises at least one hollow tubular body with open end. In these embodiments, during use, air drawn into the smoking article through one or more air inlets passes through the at least one open-ended tubular hollow body as it passes downstream through the smoking article from the substrate. aerosol former for the mouthpiece.
[00160] The transfer element may comprise at least one hollow tubular body with open end formed of one or more materials substantially thermally stable at the temperature of the aerosol generated by the transfer of heat from the combustible heat source to the aerosol forming substrate. Suitable materials are known in the art and include, but are not limited to, paper, cardboard, plastics such as cellulose acetate, ceramics and combinations thereof.
[00161] Preferably, smoking articles according to the invention comprise an outer shell that circumscribes the aerosol-forming substrate and at least a rear portion of the combustible heat source. The outer wrapper must adhere to the combustible heat source and aerosol forming substrate of the smoking article when the smoking article is assembled.
[00162] More preferably, smoking articles according to the invention comprise an outer casing that circumscribes the aerosol-forming substrate, any other components of the smoking article downstream of the aerosol-forming substrate, and at least one rear portion of the combustible heat source.
[00163] Preferably, the outer wrap is substantially impermeable to air.
Smoking articles according to the invention may comprise outer casings formed of any suitable material or combination of materials. Suitable materials are well known in the art and include, but are not limited to, cigarette paper.
Smoking articles according to the invention can be assembled using known methods and machinery.
[00166] The invention will be described below, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures, in which:
[00167] Figure 1A shows a schematic longitudinal cross-section of a smoking article, according to a first embodiment of the invention, in which the thermostatic valve is shown in the first position;
[00168] Figure 1B shows a front view of the thermostatic valve of the smoking article of Figure 1A;
[00169] Figure 1C shows a cross-sectional view of the thermostatic valve of Figure 1B accompanying line 1C in Figure 1B;
[00170] Figure 1D shows a schematic longitudinal section of the smoking article of Figure 1A, in which the thermostatic valve is shown in the second position;
[00171] Figure 2A shows a schematic longitudinal section of a smoking article, according to a second embodiment of the invention, in which the thermostatic valve is shown in the first position;
[00172] Figure 2B shows a front view of the thermostatic valve of the smoking article of Figure 2A;
[00173] Figure 2C shows a cross-sectional view of the thermostatic valve of Figure 2B accompanying line 2C in Figure 2B;
[00174] Figure 3A shows a schematic longitudinal section of a smoking article, according to a third embodiment of the invention, in which the thermostatic valve is shown in the first position;
[00175] Figure 3B shows a front view of the thermostatic valve of the smoking article of Figure 3A;
[00176] Figure 4A shows a schematic longitudinal section of a smoking article, according to a fourth embodiment of the invention, in which the thermostatic valve is shown in the first position;
[00177] Figure 4B shows a front view of the thermostatic valve of the smoking article of Figure 4A;
[00178] Figure 4C shows a cross-sectional view of the thermostatic valve of Figure 4B accompanying line 4C in Figure 4B; and
[00179] Figure 4D shows a schematic longitudinal section of the smoking article of Figure 4A, in which the thermostatic valve is shown in the second position.
[00180] The smoking article 1, according to the first embodiment of the invention, shown in Figures 1A to 1D comprises a combustible heat source 10 with a front face 12 and an opposite rear face 14, a thermostatic bimetal valve 20, a aerosol forming substrate 30, a transfer element 40 and a nozzle 50 in coaxial alignment. The thermostatic bimetal valve 20, the aerosol forming substrate 30, the transfer element 40 and the nozzle 50 and a rear portion of the combustible heat source 10 are wrapped in an outer shell 70 of the sheet material, such as, for example, cigarette paper, with low air permeability.
[00181] The fuel heat source 10 is cylindrical and comprises a central air flow channel 16 extending from the front face 12 to the rear face 14 of the fuel heat source 10. As shown in Figure 1D, the rear face 14 of the combustible heat source 10 is concave and a first substantially impermeable non-combustible air barrier 18 in the form of an aluminum foil disk is provided on the rear face 14 of the combustible heat source 10. The first barrier 18 is applied by pressing the aluminum foil disc is placed on the rear face 14 of the fuel heat source 10 and abuts the rear face 14 of the fuel heat source 10. A second barrier substantially impermeable to non-combustible air in the form of a hollow tube 19 is inserted into the airflow channel 16.
[00182] The thermostatic bimetal valve 20 is located immediately downstream of the fuel heat source 10 and is adhered to the first barrier 18 towards its radially outer edge. As shown in Figures 1B and 1C, thermostatic bimetal valve 20 comprises a two-layer thermostatic bimetallic disc 21 having an upstream layer 22 formed of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, such as steel, and a downstream layer 24 formed of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, such as copper. The two layers are coated together and a curvature, which corresponds to that of the rear face 14 of the fuel heat source 10, is preformed. The thermostatic bimetal disk has four peripheral openings 26, in the form of circular holes approximately 0.6 mm in diameter, and a central solid portion 28 that is larger than the diameter of the downstream end of the central air flow channel 16 of the source. of fuel heat 10.
The aerosol forming substrate 30 is located downstream and spaced from the rear face 14 of the fuel heat source 10. The aerosol forming substrate 30 comprises a cylindrical plug of homogenized tobacco material 32, including an aerosol former , such as, for example, glycerin, wrapped in the filter plug casing 34.
The transfer element 40 is located immediately downstream of the aerosol forming substrate 30 and comprises a cylindrical open-ended hollow tube 42 of suitable material such as, for example, paper, cardboard or cellulose acetate fiber.
The mouthpiece 50 is located immediately downstream of the transfer element 40 at the proximal end of the smoking article 1. The mouthpiece 50 comprises a cylindrical plug of suitable filtration material 52, such as, for example, cellulose acetate fiber. with very low filtration efficiency, wrapped in filter plug housing 54.
[00186] The smoking article may further comprise a paper tip band (not shown) circumscribing a downstream end portion of the outer shell 70.
[00187] As shown in Figure 1A, the smoking article 1 further comprises a heat-conducting element 60 of suitable material, such as, for example, aluminum foil, around and in contact with a back 62 of the heat source combustible carbonaceous 10 and a front 64 of the aerosol forming substrate 30. In the smoking article 1 in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention, the aerosol forming substrate 30 extends downstream beyond the heat conducting element 60. Or that is, heat-conducting element 60 is not around and in direct contact with a rear portion of aerosol-forming substrate 30. However, it will be appreciated that, in other embodiments (not shown), heat-conducting element 60 may be around and in contact with the entire length of the aerosol forming substrate 30 and that one or more other heat-conductive layers may be provided.
[00188] During use, a user lights the combustible heat source 10 of the smoking article 1, according to the first embodiment of the invention. During ignition of the combustible heat source 10, the thermostatic bimetal valve 20 is in the first position, as shown in Figure 1A. In the first position, the central solid portion 28 of the disc 21 blocks the downstream end of the central air flow channel 16 to substantially prevent air from being sucked through the air flow channel 16. Thus, even if the user swallows in the first position. nozzle 50 during ignition of the combustible heat source 10, air is substantially prevented from being drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 and being delivered to the user through the nozzle 50.
[00189] As the combustible heat source 10 heats up, heat is transferred to the thermostatic bimetal valve 20 by conduction through the adjacent rear face 14 of the combustible heat source 10 and through the heat conducting element 60. The front 64 of the aerosol forming substrate 30 is also heated by combustible heat source 10 through thermostatic bimetal valve 20 and heat conducting element 60. As heat is transferred to valve 20, the temperature of valve 20 increases until it reaches the threshold temperature , at which point the valve 20 snaps from the first position to the second position shown in Figure 1D.
[00190] In the second position, the bimetallic disc 21 of the thermostatic bimetallic valve 20 is convex and the central solid part 28 of the disc 21 is spaced from the downstream end of the air flow channel 16 of the fuel heat source 10. In this position, the aerosol forming substrate 30 is in fluid communication with the combustible heat source 10 through the openings 26 of the thermostatic bimetal disk 21 of the valve 20.
[00191] When a user puffs on the mouthpiece 50, air is drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 of the smoking article 1 through the central air flow channel 16 of the combustible heat source 10 and the openings 26 of the bimetallic valve thermostatic 20. The air is heated as it passes through the central air flow channel 16 of the fuel heat source 10 and heats the aerosol forming substrate 30 by convection as it passes downstream through the aerosol forming substrate 30 towards the nozzle 50 of the smoking article 1.
[00192] Heating the aerosol-forming substrate 30 by conduction and convection releases glycerin and other volatile and semi-volatile compounds from the plug of the homogenized tobacco-based material 32. The compounds released from the aerosol-forming substrate 30 form an aerosol that is entrained in the entrained air through the central air flow channel 16 of the fuel heat source 10 as it flows through the aerosol forming substrate 30. The entrained air and entrained aerosol pass downstream through the transfer element 40, where they cool and condense. The cooled entrained air and entrained aerosol pass downstream through the mouthpiece 50 and are delivered to the user through the proximal end of the smoking article 1, in accordance with the first embodiment of the invention.
[00193] When the combustion rate of the combustible heat source 10 reduces and its temperature drops, the heat transferred to the thermostatic bimetal valve 20 also drops. As the temperature of thermostatic bimetal valve 20 drops below the threshold temperature, thermostatic bimetal disk 21 returns to the first, concave position shown in Figure 1 to substantially prevent air from being drawn through smoking article 1 by the user.
The smoking article 101 according to the second embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 2A to 2C has a construction basically identical to the smoking article 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention. However, in the smoking article 101, the off-center openings of the thermostatic bimetal valve 120 are formed by four cut segments 126, leaving a solid cross-shaped portion 128.
[00195] During use, during ignition of the combustible heat source 10 of the smoking article 101 by the user, the thermostatic bimetal valve 120 is in the first position, as shown in Figure 2A. In the first position, the center of the solid cross-shaped portion 128 of the thermostatic bimetal disk 121 covers the downstream end of the central air flow channel 16 of the combustible heat source 10 to substantially prevent air from being drawn through the channel. air flow 16. Thus, even if the user engulfs the mouthpiece 50 during ignition of the combustible heat source 10, the air is substantially prevented from being drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 and being delivered to the user through the mouthpiece 50.
[00196] When the temperature of valve 120 reaches the limit temperature, valve 120 snaps from the first position into a second position (not shown), in which disk 121 is convex and its central solid part 128 is spaced from the the downstream end of the air flow channel 16 of the fuel heat source 10. In this position, the aerosol forming substrate 30 is in fluid communication with the fuel heat source 10 through cut-off segments 126 of the thermostatic bimetal valve 120. When a user draws into the mouthpiece 50, air is drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 of the smoking article 101 through the central air flow channel 16 of the combustible heat source 10 and the cut segments 126 of the thermostatic bimetal disc 121 of valve 120.
[00197] When the combustion rate of the fuel heat source 10 reduces and its temperature drops, the heat transferred to the thermostatic bimetal valve 120 also drops. As the temperature of thermostatic bimetal valve 120 drops below the threshold temperature, thermostatic bimetal disk 121 returns to the first, concave position shown in Figure 2A to substantially prevent air from being drawn through smoking article 101 by the user.
The smoking article 201 according to the third embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 3A to 3B has a construction basically identical to the smoking article 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention. However, in the smoking article 201, the thermostatic bimetallic disk 221 of the valve 220 has four radial slots 226 that divide its central portion, rather than the off-center openings.
[00199] During use, during ignition of the combustible heat source 210 of the smoking article 201 by the user, the thermostatic bimetal valve 220 is in the first position, as shown in Figure 3A. In the first position, the slits 226 are substantially closed to substantially prevent air from being sucked through the air flow channel 16. Thus, even if the user puffs on the mouthpiece 50 during ignition of the combustible heat source 10, the air is substantially prevented from being drawn into the aerosol-forming substrate 30 and from being delivered to the user through the mouthpiece 50.
[00200] When the temperature of valve 220 reaches the limit temperature, valve 220 snaps from the first position into a second position (not shown), in which disc 221 is convex and slots 226 are opened due to deformation of disk 221 in the second position. In this position, the aerosol forming substrate 30 is in fluid communication with the combustible heat source 10 through the open slots 226 of the thermostatic bimetal disk 221. When a user draws on the mouthpiece 50, air is drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 of smoking article 201 through central air flow channel 16 of combustible heat source 10 and open slots 226 of thermostatic bimetal disc 221 of valve 220.
[00201] When the combustion rate of the combustible heat source 10 reduces and its temperature drops, the heat transferred to the thermostatic bimetal valve 220 also drops. As the temperature of thermostatic bimetal valve 220 falls below the threshold temperature, thermostatic bimetal valve 220 returns to the first position shown in Figure 3A to substantially prevent air from being drawn through smoking article 201 by the user.
The smoking article 301 according to the fourth embodiment of the invention shown in Figures 4A to 4D has a construction basically identical to the smoking article 1 according to the first embodiment of the invention. However, in the smoking article 301, the thermostatic bimetal valve further comprises a second bimetallic disk 323 upstream of the first bimetallic disk 321. The first bimetallic disk 321 has an upstream layer 322 formed of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion , such as copper, and a downstream layer 324 formed of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, such as steel. The first bimetal disk 321 has four peripheral apertures 326, in the form of circular holes approximately 0.6 mm in diameter, and a central solid portion 328. The second bimetal disk 323 and the first bimetal disk 321 are substantially flat and are welded together. its peripheries. As shown in Figures 4B and 4C, the second bimetal disk 323 has a central opening 325 that is offset from the off-center openings 326 of the first bimetal disk 321. The remainder of the second bimetal disk 323 is solid. Like the first bimetal disc 321, the second bimetal disc 323 is formed by two layers. Unlike the first bimetallic disk 321, the upstream layer 327 of the second bimetallic disk 323 is formed of a material with a high coefficient of thermal expansion, such as copper, and the downstream layer 329 of the second bimetallic disk 323 is formed of a material with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, such as steel. Thus, layers 322, 329 of disks 321 and 323, which have the lowest thermal expansion coefficient, are sandwiched between layers 324, 327 with the highest thermal expansion coefficient.
[00203] During use, during ignition of the combustible heat source 10 of the smoking article 301 by the user, the thermostatic bimetal valve 320 is in the first position, as shown in Figure 4A. In the first position, the central opening 325 of the second bimetallic disk 323 is substantially blocked by the central solid portion 328 of the first bimetallic disk 321 and the off-center openings 326 of the first bimetallic disk 321 are substantially blocked by the remainder of the second bimetallic disk 323. As the thermostatic bimetal valve 320 extends over the entire inner diameter of the smoking article 301, the thermostatic bimetal valve 320 substantially blocks the inner diameter of the smoking article 301 and substantially prevents air from being drawn through the air flow channel 16. Thus, even if the user swallows at the mouthpiece 50 during ignition of the combustible heat source 10, air is substantially prevented from being drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 and from being delivered to the user through the mouthpiece 50.
[00204] When the temperature of valve 320 reaches the limit temperature, valve 320 deforms from the first position to the second position shown in Figure 4D. In the second position, the first bimetallic disk 321 is convex and the second bimetallic disk 323 is concave. Thus, the central parts of the first and second bimetal discs 321 and 323 are spaced apart. In this position, the aerosol forming substrate 30 is in fluid communication with the combustible heat source 10 through the central opening 325 of the second bimetallic disk 323 and the off-center openings 326 of the first bimetallic disk 321. When a user brings in the mouthpiece 50 , air is drawn into the aerosol forming substrate 30 of the smoking article 301 through the central air flow channel 16 of the combustible heat source 10, into the central opening 325 of the second bimetallic disk 323, and into the openings outside the center 326 of the first bimetal disc 321.
[00205] When the combustion rate of the fuel heat source 10 reduces and its temperature drops, the heat transferred to the thermostatic bimetal valve 320 also drops. As the temperature of thermostatic bimetal valve 320 drops below the threshold temperature, thermostatic bimetal valve 320 returns to the first position shown in Figure 4A to substantially prevent air from being drawn through smoking article 301 by the user.
[00206] The specific embodiments described above are intended to illustrate the invention. However, other embodiments can be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the claims, and it is to be understood that the specific embodiments described above are not intended to be limiting.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
1. The smoking article (1) comprises: a combustible heat source (10) having opposite front and rear faces (12, 14); one or more air flow channels (16) extending from the front face (12) to the rear face (14) of the fuel heat source (10); an aerosol forming substrate (30) downstream from the rear face (14) of the combustible heat source (10); characterized in that: the smoking article (1) comprises a thermostatic bimetal valve (20) located between the rear face (14) of the fuel heat source (10) and the aerosol forming substrate (30), wherein the The thermostatic bimetal valve (20) is arranged to deform from a first position, in which the valve (20) substantially prevents or inhibits fluid communication between the one or more air flow channels (16) and the air-forming substrate. aerosol (30) to a second position in which the one or more air flow channels (16) and the aerosol forming substrate (30) are in fluid communication when the thermostatic bimetal valve (20) is heated above a limit temperature.
[0002]
2. Smoking article (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the thermostatic bimetal valve (20) is pre-tensioned so that it deforms from the first position to the second position with a pressure action.
[0003]
3. Smoking article (1), according to claim 2, characterized in that the thermostatic bimetal valve (20) is pre-stressed through preforming with a curvature of 100 to 500 micrometers.
[0004]
4. Smoking article (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the rear face (14) of the heat source (10) is concave and the thermostatic bimetal valve (20) is concave in the first position and convex in the second position.
[0005]
5. Smoking article (1), according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermostatic bimetallic valve (20) rests against the rear face (14) of the heat source (10).
[0006]
6. Smoking article (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermostatic bimetallic valve (20) comprises a first thermostatic bimetallic sheet (24) with one or more solid parts (28) and a or more openings (26) to allow fluid communication between the aerosol forming substrate (30) and at least one of the one or more air flow channels (16).
[0007]
7. Smoking article (1) according to claim 6, characterized in that the one or more solid parts (28) are arranged to block all of the one or more air flow channels (16) when the valve thermostatic bimetallic valve (20) is in the first position and to unlock at least one of the one or more air flow channels (16) when the thermostatic bimetallic valve (20) is in the second position.
[0008]
8. A smoking article (301) according to claim 6 or claim 7, characterized in that the thermostatic bimetallic valve (320) comprises a second thermostatic bimetallic sheet (323) adjacent to the first thermostatic bimetallic sheet (321), the second thermostatic bimetal sheet (323) having one or more solid portions and one or more apertures (325) to allow fluid communication between the aerosol forming substrate (330) and at least one of the one or more air flow channels ( 316).
[0009]
9. A smoking article (301) according to claim 8, characterized in that the one or more solid portions (328) of one or both of the first and second thermostatic bimetallic sheets (321, 323) are arranged to block to one or more openings (325, 326) of the other sheet (321, 323) when the valve (320) is in the first position and to unlock at least one of the one or more openings (325, 326) of the other sheet (321, 323) when the valve (320) is in the second position.
[0010]
10. A smoking article (301) according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the first thermostatic bimetal sheet (321) and the second thermostatic bimetal sheet (323) are fixed along at least a portion of its peripheries.
[0011]
11. A smoking article (301) according to any one of claims 8 to 10, characterized in that the second thermostatic bimetallic sheet (323) is positioned upstream of the first thermostatic bimetallic sheet (321).
[0012]
12. A smoking article (301) according to claim 11, characterized in that the first thermostatic bimetal sheet comprises at least four peripheral openings and the second thermostatic bimetal sheet (323) comprises a central hole aligned with a channel of central air flow from the heat source.
[0013]
13. Smoking article (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thermostatic bimetal valve (20) has a substantially circular cross-section.
[0014]
A smoking article (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the aerosol forming substrate (30) comprises a tobacco-based material and at least one aerosol former.
[0015]
15. Smoking article (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the combustible heat source (10) is a carbonaceous combustible heat source.

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JP6436992B2|2018-12-12|

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ZA201602278B|2017-06-28|

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法律状态:
2020-02-18| B06U| Preliminary requirement: requests with searches performed by other patent offices: procedure suspended [chapter 6.21 patent gazette]|

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2021-03-02| B09A| Decision: intention to grant [chapter 9.1 patent gazette]|

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2021-05-18| B16A| Patent or certificate of addition of invention granted|Free format text: PRAZO DE VALIDADE: 20 (VINTE) ANOS CONTADOS A PARTIR DE 12/12/2014, OBSERVADAS AS CONDICOES LEGAIS. |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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EP13199311|2013-12-23|

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EP13199311.5|2013-12-23|

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PCT/EP2014/077633|WO2015097005A1|2013-12-23|2014-12-12|Smoking article with a valve|

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